Which mosquito species is primarily responsible for transmitting West Nile virus in Michigan?

Culex pipiens is primarily responsible for transmitting West Nile virus in Michigan due to its biology and behavior. This mosquito species is particularly adept at feeding on birds, which are important hosts for the virus. When an infected bird is bitten by Culex pipiens, the mosquito becomes a vector for the virus and can subsequently transmit it to humans or other animals through its bites.

Culex pipiens is commonly found in urban and suburban areas, making it more likely to come into contact with human populations. Its breeding habits in stagnant water further contribute to its abundance during the warm months when the risk of West Nile virus transmission is highest.

In contrast, while other species like Aedes vexans, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Culex restuans are present in Michigan, they are not the primary vectors for West Nile virus. Aedes vexans tends to feed on various hosts, including mammals, but does not substantially contribute to transmitting this virus. Anopheles quadrimaculatus is more associated with transmitting malaria and is not a significant vector for West Nile virus in Michigan. Culex restuans, though it can harbor the virus, plays a lesser role compared to Culex pipiens in terms of the