What disease is caused by the EEE virus in humans and horses?

The disease caused by the Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) virus in humans and horses is classified as a severe central nervous system disease. EEE affects the brain and spinal cord, leading to encephalitis which can produce symptoms such as high fever, seizures, and neurological deficits. In severe cases, it can result in permanent complications or even be fatal. The nature of this disease is directly linked to the virus's ability to penetrate the central nervous system, causing significant inflammation and damage.

Understanding the focus of EEE being a central nervous system disease is vital, as it underscores the seriousness of the virus and the importance of mosquito control measures, particularly in areas where EEE is endemic. Other options such as respiratory illness, digestive disorders, and skin infections do not pertain to the effects of the EEE virus, as the virus's pathology is specifically related to neuroinvasion and consequent neurologic disease.